{"id":3211,"date":"2024-06-20T03:51:10","date_gmt":"2024-06-20T03:51:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/?p=3211"},"modified":"2024-06-21T02:24:15","modified_gmt":"2024-06-21T02:24:15","slug":"pfas-in-sydney-water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/pfas-in-sydney-water\/","title":{"rendered":"Let\u2019s Talk About PFAs in Sydney\u2019s Water (and Why Your Current Water Filter is Probably Rubbish)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>By Joe Rantino<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-3220\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-PFAs-in-Sydney-Water-Supply-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Young Australian child drinking water from Sydney's PFAs contaminated water supply\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-PFAs-in-Sydney-Water-Supply-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-PFAs-in-Sydney-Water-Supply-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-PFAs-in-Sydney-Water-Supply-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-PFAs-in-Sydney-Water-Supply.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The recent news about PFAs in drinking water has me a little concerned about the fall out I\u2019ve been seeing online. Everyone who ever had a water filter business is trying very hard to sell you their wares. I\u2019ve clicked on a few of these adverts and have been shocked to find that they\u2019re low-rated water filters that don\u2019t actually remove PFAs and were never designed for that purpose! I write this not to sell you water filters but to explain the issues around the latest news items and the differences between rated water filters. I\u2019ve been fitting these things for over twenty years, and I can tell you not all water filters are created equal.<\/p>\n<h2>Is PFAs in the Water a New Thing?<\/h2>\n<p>The truth is you are consuming PFAs every day – this is not news! PFAs are everywhere and Australians are amongst <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/australia-news\/2024\/apr\/09\/australia-among-hotspots-for-toxic-forever-chemicals-study-of-pfas-levels-finds\">the highest consumers<\/a> of PFAs in the world. Remember the hubbub about Teflon and Scotchgard back in the 1990s? That was PFA related. They\u2019re in everything from firefighting foam to nail polish. The fact that higher than expected levels of PFAs have been found in some water samples across New South Wales hit the news recently, and that\u2019s why you\u2019re suddenly seeing water filter unit ads all over your socials and searches.<\/p>\n<h2>PFAs Are 14000 Manmade Chemicals Dubbed \u2018Forever Chemicals\u2019<\/h2>\n<p>Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, also known as PFAs, don\u2019t degrade in the environment much. So, they\u2019re dubbed \u2018forever\u2019 chemicals. The levels of some PFAs in our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41561-024-01402-8\">global environment<\/a> have already exceeded the scientific community\u2019s \u2018global safe maximum\u2019 and are still rising. Australia\u2019s environment, and your home, is littered with PFAs and you likely come into contact with them every single day.<\/p>\n<h2>Drinking PFAs Is a Bigger Problem Because You Can\u2019t Easily \u2018Discharge\u2019 Them<\/h2>\n<p>Their chemical make-up means they\u2019re very difficult for the human body to excrete or, to put it another way, \u2018pee out.\u2019 So, the concern is that these forever chemicals are building up in your organs and putting you at risk of hormonal problems, immune suppression, and testicular, prostate, liver, and kidney cancer. Pregnant women are most at risk as they can impact pregnancy related hypertension (a pre-curser for pre-eclampsia), low birth weight, fetal developmental issues, fetal bone disorders and even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pfas\/our-current-understanding-human-health-and-environmental-risks-pfas\">accelerated puberty<\/a> in the child.<\/p>\n<h2>Is It a Storm in a (Contaminated) Teacup?<\/h2>\n<p>Yes, and no. Our piped drinking water is heavily regulated, and our standards are extremely \u2018developed world.\u2019 Probably a little \u2018too developed world\u2019 if truth be told. Australia\u2019s piped drinking water is among the \u2018safest in the world\u2019 in terms of microbial contamination. You are unlikely to ingest those \u2018Bali Belly bugs\u2019 that you find in other countries. But the cost is chemical contamination, including, but far from limited to PFAs. The Australian government is doing its best to keep the water safe, but ironically, it\u2019s this safety that is causing some of the issues.<\/p>\n<h2>THMs and PFAs are Standard in Tap Water<\/h2>\n<p>There are a lot of things in your drinking water that are monitored by Australian Water Quality <a href=\"https:\/\/www.waterquality.gov.au\/guidelines\/drinking-water\">Standards<\/a>. In addition to things like lead and microbials, Australia\u2019s water is constantly criticised for its permissible levels (significantly higher than European, Canadian and US recommended levels) of PFAs and Trihalomethanes (THMs). Ironically, THMs are the chemical biproduct of the chlorine used to \u2018keep our water safe.\u2019 So, there\u2019s a lot going on that needs monitoring down in your pipes.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-3213\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-Blog-Lets-Talk-About-PFAs-in-Sydneys-Water-1024x679.jpg\" alt=\"Scientific laboratory undertaking water quality testing for PFAs in Sydney water\" width=\"1024\" height=\"679\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-Blog-Lets-Talk-About-PFAs-in-Sydneys-Water-1024x679.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-Blog-Lets-Talk-About-PFAs-in-Sydneys-Water-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-Blog-Lets-Talk-About-PFAs-in-Sydneys-Water-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GPS-Jun24-Blog-Lets-Talk-About-PFAs-in-Sydneys-Water.jpg 1206w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Safety is Measured in \u00b5g<\/h2>\n<p>Remember when they put letters and symbols into maths at school and you started hating maths? Me too. Maths sucks. So, here\u2019s my best explanation of the maths used to work out what is \u2018safe.\u2019 The symbol \u00b5g represents one millionth of a gram. In this case, it refers to the density of contaminated particles in your water supply. So, \u00b5g\/l is the amount of a toxin per litre that is deemed safe. Australian water has a higher number here than most of the world, classifying higher levels as safe where our European, Canadian, and American cousins demand lower levels.<\/p>\n<h2>How Much of It Is Conspiracy Theories?<\/h2>\n<p>In an age when everyone is pushing an agenda, when everyone is trying to \u2018sell you something\u2019 (be it a product or an ideal) how much of the news about water contamination is paranoia and hyperbole? Probably some, but the red flag lies in the bladder. Urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are the most common cancers of the bladder and chemical exposure is the leading risk factor. Compared to prostate and breast, cancers of the bladder are relatively rare. However, bladder cancers are on the rise and they\u2019re the <a href=\"https:\/\/anzup.org.au\/story\/this-is-the-only-cancer-where-survival-rates-are-decreasing-in-australia\/\">ONLY<\/a> cancers where survival rates are falling, not rising. It\u2019s an anomaly. A red flag. Correlation, causation, and all that aside, the fact is that there absolutely are \u2018acceptable levels\u2019 of THMs and PFAs in our water. Whether this concerns you or not, is your call!<\/p>\n<h2>Why Your Hardware Store Water Filter is Rubbish, Measured in \u00b5m<\/h2>\n<p>The symbol \u00b5m in this case, measures the size of each particle of the contaminant, and the pore size of a filter needed to \u2018remove it.\u2019 A \u00b5m is a micrometre \u2013 also known as a micron. It\u2019s a millionth of a meter. So, you know, pretty small! Your hardware store water filter is likely <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nsf.org\/consumer-resources\/articles\/standards-water-treatment-systems\">rated<\/a> NSF42 but check, it could be better or have subclasses or other specs. NSF42 rated water filters are designed to catch the bigger particles that cause clouding, bad smells, and tastes. The exact pore size varies from model to model, but 5-micron pore sizes are pretty common. That\u2019s enough to get rid of rust, dust and other matter than can impact the smell, taste, and clarity of your water. OK. Sweet. But what about the lead, THMs and PFAs?<\/p>\n<h2>NSF53 Rated Filtration<\/h2>\n<p>You may know NSF53 water filters as activated charcoal filters. These have much smaller pore sizes and the charcoal acts like a chemical magnet, pulling chemicals and metals out of the water. These will generally remove more than 70% of PFAs (the bigger particles) and even higher levels of THMs from your water supply. It will also remove a fair percentage of microplastics. NSF53 activated charcoal filters are branded as the \u2018gold standard for consumers to use at home.\u2019 The truth is though that they\u2019re not the gold standard of anything other than being a good balance of affordability, compact size, flow capacity (so it won\u2019t cause your water to trickle out) and efficiency.<\/p>\n<h2>Fitting NSF53 Filters Is Not a DIY Plumbing Job<\/h2>\n<p>Note that these must be properly fitted. A poorly fitted NSF53 water filter means that gaps can develop between the filter unit and the casing, which 100% defeats the purpose. You might as well just throw it in the bin! If you can buy online and \u2018screw it in\u2019 at home, it\u2019s extremely unlikely that it is going to do the job you\u2019re hoping it will do. Since you can\u2019t actually see the work it\u2019s doing, now is not the time to trust a Facebook ad! Some Sydney plumbers like these too because they mark up the filter replacement costs by extortionate amounts. <strong>Note that Gladesville Plumbing does not.<\/strong> We offer a fair price and \u2018set and forget\u2019 filter replacement schedules.<\/p>\n<h2>NSF58 \u2013 Reverse Osmosis Filters<\/h2>\n<p>Not all Sydney plumbers will fit reverse osmosis filters. They\u2019re a little more expensive and the units are slightly bigger \u2013 which tends to put some consumers off. They also take a skilled and experienced plumber to fit; it\u2019s not a job for an apprentice or a handyman. These, however, are the actual gold standard of water filtration at home because they remove 99% of PFAs, THMs and just about everything else!<\/p>\n<h2>Reverse Osmosis Filtration 101<\/h2>\n<p>Reverse osmosis filtration works by forcing water through a series of ever finer membranes. The process captures everything bigger than 0.0005 microns. That\u2019s, well\u2026just about everything, including most VOCs; PFAs, BPAs, THMs, MTBE, Microplastics, Chlorine, Chloramines, mercury, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, herbicides, lead, cysts, bacteria, and most viruses. That\u2019s why NSF58 reverse osmosis filters are the gold standard of home water filtration!<\/p>\n<h2>The Downside of Reverse Osmosis Filters<\/h2>\n<p>So, what are the downsides? A reverse osmosis filter is fitted to an individual tap and uses a pump and tank. This means that they\u2019re bigger and will take up more area under your sink. Unfortunately, they can\u2019t efficiently be installed at the point of entry (meaning that all taps in the house deliver osmosis filtered water) because it will slow your flow to a trickle and increase your energy costs. So, instead you\u2019ll need to have a dedicated tap that you use for cooking and drinking. Usually, your kitchen tap. They\u2019re also a little more expensive than activated charcoal filters and the quality of the system really matters, so there\u2019s no such thing as \u201cbuying a cheap one\u201d to reduce upfront costs.<\/p>\n<p>Another thing you should take into consideration about reverse osmosis filters is that you 100% cannot fit it yourself. It\u2019s a job for your <a href=\"http:\/\/gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\">trusted Sydney Plumber<\/a>. (That\u2019s us in case you were wondering!) But again, we are sharing this because this is vital information – it\u2019s not a sales pitch!<\/p>\n<h2>Our Reverse Osmosis Systems<\/h2>\n<p>We provide two options when it comes to installing your reverse osmosis system: a four-stage or a five-stage system.<\/p>\n<h3>Four-Stage Reverse Osmosis System<\/h3>\n<p>In the four-stage system, water is forced through 4 different filtration processes to ensure full removal of contaminants and is delivered to a holding tank to ensure there\u2019s always a steady flow of water on tap.<\/p>\n<h3>Five-Stage Reverse Osmosis System<\/h3>\n<p>The fifth, optional filtration stage is an Alka Hydrate Filter Cartridge. This changes the pH level of the drinking water which removes acidity for a better taste and re-adds natural minerals to your water supply, including calcium, magnesium, and potassium naturally.<\/p>\n<h2>What About the Higher Rated NSF Systems? Are They Worth It?<\/h2>\n<p>NSF rated water filtration systems go much higher but aren\u2019t generally recommended for homes on an Australian water grid. They\u2019re more suited to specialist filtration for things like mining runoff, bore and well water or for use in high volume <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/our-services\/corporate\/\">commercial water filtration<\/a>. It\u2019s not just overkill, many of the systems are simply too complex to install on Sydney\u2019s water grid.<\/p>\n<h2>So, to Filter or Not to Filter and If You Do, Which Filter?<\/h2>\n<p>My take on this is, as a plumber of 20+ years, who has been asked this question repeatedly\u2026if you\u2019re going to filter your water, at least get a NSF53 rated filtration unit and knock out most of the chemical contaminants. If you have concerns, and you have space, a reverse osmosis filtration system is more future proof. Whether your kitchen is a suitable candidate for this kind <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gladesvilleplumbing.com.au\/water-filter-installation-sydney\/\">of water filter installation<\/a> will depend on your space. Back in the day, we built everything out of asbestos, pumped lead from our exhaust pipes and gave pregnant women thalidomide. There\u2019s always a disease on the rise with no clear explanation. There are always particles in our water supply we don\u2019t fully understand. I chose reverse osmosis filtration for my family, what you choose for yours is up to you.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Joe Rantino The recent news about PFAs in drinking water has me a little concerned about the fall<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3220,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[80],"class_list":["post-3211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-water-filtration"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>You\u2019ve read about PFAs in Sydney Water \u2013 What\u2019s That Mean?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"You\u2019ve read about PFAs in the water, is it a real danger or just hyperbole? 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